Crystals of azabicyclic compound

ABSTRACT

Provided are crystals of 3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamide which are stable and show excellent oral absorbability. 
     The crystals are Form II crystals of 3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamide showing an X-ray powder diffraction spectrum having at least three characteristic diffraction peaks at angles (2θ±0.2°) selected from the group consisting of 7.7°, 8.0°, 11.1°, 12.5°, 12.9°, 15.2°, 15.8°, 17.2°, 19.0°, 22.5°, 26.1°, and 27.4°.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a divisional of U.S. Ser. No. 15/572,398,filed on Nov. 7, 2017, which is 35 U.S.C. § 371 national stage patentapplication of International patent application PCT/JP2016/063989, filedon May 11, 2016, and claims the benefit of the filing date of Japaneseapplication no. 2015-097521, filed on May 12, 2015, the text of each ofwhich is incorporated by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a novel crystal of an azabicycliccompound which is stable and has excellent oral absorbability, and isuseful as an antitumor agent.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In general, when a compound is used as an effective active ingredient ofa pharmaceutical, the chemical and physical stability of the compound isrequired in order to keep the quality stable and/or facilitate thestorage management. Therefore, the obtained compound is preferably in astable crystal form and in general the most stable crystal form is oftenselected as a drug substance for a pharmaceutical.

So far, a plurality of HSP90 inhibitors have been reported as anantitumor agent, for example, Patent Document 1 and 2 describe3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamide(hereinafter also referred to as “Compound 1”) as a compound which hasexcellent HSP90 inhibitory action and shows antitumor activity.

Meanwhile, although a pharmaceutical composition for oral administrationrequires in general not only the stability of an effective ingredient,but also excellent absorbability on oral administration, Patent Document1 and 2 do not describe any crystals of Compound 1, nor the stabilityand oral absorbability of the crystals.

CITATION LIST Patent Document

-   [Patent Document 1]

International Publication No. WO2012/093708

-   [Patent Document 2]

International Publication No. WO2011/004610

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Problem to be Solved by the Invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a crystal of Compound 1useful as an antitumor agent which is stable and has excellent oralabsorbability.

Means for Solving the Problem

To achieve the object, the present inventor synthesized Compound 1according to the method of manufacturing described in Patent Document 1to obtain a Form I crystal of Compound 1. However, as described inExamples below, the Form I crystal had problems in oral absorbability,and thus they further investigated the crystallization conditions. As aresult, they found that a Form II crystal can be obtained by adding andsuspending Compound 1 into a certain organic solvent, and further foundthat the Form II crystal is superior in stability and oral absorbabilitycompared to the Form I crystal, thereby completing the presentinvention.

Thus, the present invention relates to provision of the following [1] to[15].

[1] A Form II crystal of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamideshowing an X-ray powder diffraction spectrum having at least threecharacteristic diffraction peaks at angles (2θ±0.2°) selected from thegroup consisting of 7.7°, 8.0°, 11.1°, 12.5°, 12.9°, 15.2°, 15.8°,17.2°, 19.0°, 22.5°, 26.1°, and 27.4°.

[2] The Form II crystal according to [1], wherein the crystal shows anX-ray powder diffraction spectrum having at least five characteristicdiffraction peaks at angles (2θ±0.2°) selected from the group consistingof 7.7°, 8.0°, 11.1°, 12.5°, 12.9°, 15.2°, 15.8°, 17.2°, 19.0°, 22.5°,26.1°, and 27.4°.

[3] The Form II crystal according to [1] or [2], wherein the endothermicpeak determined by differential scanning calorimetry is around 270° C.

[4] A pharmaceutical composition comprising the Form II crystalaccording to any of [1] to [3].

[5] A pharmaceutical composition for oral administration comprising theForm II crystal according to any of [1] to [3].

[6] An antitumor agent comprising the Form II crystal according to anyof [1] to [3].

[7] Use of the Form II crystal according to any of [1] to [3], for theproduction of a pharmaceutical composition.

[8] The use according to [7], wherein the pharmaceutical composition isa pharmaceutical composition for oral administration.

[9] Use of the Form II crystal according to any of [1] to [3], for theproduction of an antitumor agent.

[10] The Form II crystal according to any of [1] to [3], for use as amedicament.

[11] The Form II crystal according to any of [1] to [3], for use in thetreatment of a tumor.

[12] A method of treating a tumor, comprising administering an effectiveamount of the Form II crystal according to any of [1] to [3] to asubject in need thereof.

[13] A method of manufacturing the Form II crystal according to any of[1] to [3], comprising the steps of:

(1) suspending the3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamidein an organic solvent with heating to obtain a suspension, and

(2) obtaining solid-state3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamidefrom the suspension obtained in the above step (1).

[14] The method of manufacturing the Form II crystal according to [13],wherein the organic solvent is 2-propanol, methyl acetate, ethylacetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, cyclopentyl methyl ether, methylethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, acetone, acetonitrile or a mixedsolvent thereof.

[15] A method of manufacturing the Form II crystal according to any of[1] to [3], comprising the steps of:

(1) suspending the3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamidein an organic solvent selected from the group consisting of 2-propanol,methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate,cyclopentyl methyl ether, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone,acetone, acetonitrile and a mixed solvent thereof to obtain asuspension, and

(2) obtaining solid-state3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamidefrom the suspension obtained in the above (1).

Effect of the Invention

According to the present invention, the Form II crystal of Compound 1has high stability and excellent oral absorbability, and is useful as anoral pharmaceutical.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 An X-ray powder diffraction spectrum of the Form I crystal ofCompound 1 (the vertical axis represents intensity (cps) and thehorizontal axis represents the diffraction angle (2θ±0.2°)).

FIG. 2 An X-ray powder diffraction spectrum of the Form II crystal ofCompound 1 (the vertical axis represents intensity (cps) and thehorizontal axis represents the diffraction angle (2θ±0.2°)).

FIG. 3 A differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curve of the Form IIcrystal of Compound 1.

FIG. 4 A result of blood concentration measurement test of the Form IIcrystal of Compound 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Compound 1 of the present invention is3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamide(represented by the below formula). Compound 1 is known to show HSP90inhibitory activity and show excellent antitumor activity. Compound 1can be synthesized based on the production method described in PatentDocuments 1 and 2.

The crystal of the present invention may be a crystal comprising theForm II crystal of Compound 1, and may be a single crystal of the FormII crystal or a polymorphic mixture comprising crystals other than theForm II crystal. For the crystal of the present invention, the Form IIcrystal with high purity is preferred. Specifically, the chemical purityof the Form II crystal is preferably 90% or more, more preferably 95% ormore, and particularly preferably 98% or more.

The Form II crystal of the present invention can be obtained by addingand suspending Compound 1 into a certain organic solvent. Specifically,the Form II crystal can be obtained by the production method comprisingthe following steps (1) and (2):

-   (1) suspending Compound 1 in an organic solvent to obtain a    suspension,-   (2) obtaining solid-state Compound 1 from the suspension obtained in    the above (1).

Although the Compound 1 to be added to an organic solvent may be acrystal or not, crystal form of the Compound 1 is preferably used and inparticular the Form II crystal of the Compound 1 is preferably used fromthe viewpoint of obtaining the Form II crystal with high purity. Incrystallization of the present invention, a seed crystal may be used.From the viewpoint of obtaining the Form II crystal with high purity,the Form II crystal is preferred for use as a seed crystal.

Examples of the organic solvent used in the crystallization of thepresent invention include alcohols such as methanol, n-propanol,2-propanol and ethylene glycol; aliphatic carboxylate esters such asmethyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, and butyl acetate; etherssuch as diethyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, cyclopentyl methylether, 1,4-dioxane, tetrahydrofuran; ketones such as acetone, methylethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and cyclohexanone; aromaticsolvents such as toluene, xylene, and chlorobenzene; aprotic polarorganic solvents such as acetonitrile, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone,N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide,1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, and dimethylsulfoxide or mixed solventsthereof. Preferably, the organic solvent is a ketone, a monohydricalcohol having 3 or more carbon atoms, a dihydric alcohol, an aliphaticcarboxylate ester, an ether, an aprotic polar organic solvent or a mixedsolvent thereof, and more preferably is 2-propanol, methyl acetate,ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, cyclopentyl methyl ether,methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, acetone, acetonitrile or amixed solvent thereof. Particularly preferably, from the viewpoint ofpurity and yield of the Form II crystal, the organic solvent is methylacetate, methyl ethyl ketone, acetone or a mixed solvent thereof.

From the viewpoint of purity and yield of the Form II crystal, theamount (v/w) of the organic solvent in the crystallization of thepresent invention is preferably 2-30 times amount, more preferably 3-20times amount, and particularly preferably 4-15 times amount, relative tothe amount of Compound 1.

Preferably, in the crystallization of the present invention, Compound 1is added and suspended into an organic solvent with heating and refluxedfor a long time. The heating temperature in the crystallization of thepresent invention is not specifically limited as long as it falls withinthe temperature suitable for reflux, and is appropriately determineddepending on the organic solvent used. Preferably, the heatingtemperature is 52-126° C.

The duration of reflux in the crystallization of the present inventionis preferably 12-60 hours and more preferably 16-48 hours, otherwise,crystallization dose not sufficiently proceed and thus a high puritycrystal cannot be obtained in shorter duration, and on the other hand,degradation of the crystal occurs and leads to low yield in longerduration.

In the crystallization of the present invention, precipitate of Form IIcrystal after cooling can be collected after reflux. Cooling temperaturemay be appropriately adjusted, is preferably room temperature.

The precipitate of the crystal can be isolated and purified from saiddissolution or mixed solution according to known separation andpurification methods such as, for example, filtration, washing by anorganic solvent, and drying under reduced pressure.

Examples of the organic solvent used for the washing include loweralcohols, acetone, and acetonitrile. The organic solvent used in Form IIcrystallization may be used for washing.

The Form II crystal of the present invention thus obtained is a crystalshowing an X-ray powder diffraction spectrum having 3 or more,preferably 5 or more, more preferably 8 or more, and still morepreferably 12 or more characteristic diffraction peaks at angles(2θ±0.2°) selected from the group consisting of 7.7°, 8.0°, 11.1°,12.5°, 12.9°, 15.2°, 15.8°, 17.2°, 19.0°, 22.5°, 26.1°, and 27.4°, asshown in FIG. 2. The Form II crystal shows an endothermic peak around270° C., as shown in the result of differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) in FIG. 3.

In contrast, the Form I crystal is a crystal showing an X-ray powderdiffraction spectrum having characteristic diffraction peaks at angles(2θ±0.2°) of 8.1°, 12.1°, 14.0°, 16.2°, 21.5°, 25.4° and 28.3°, as shownin FIG. 1.

Peak values in an X-ray powder diffraction spectrum may involve someerrors due to measuring instruments or measuring conditions such asreading conditions of peaks. The peak values in the specification of thepresent application may have measurement errors in the range of around±0.2°.

The endothermic peak (a peak top value) measured in differentialscanning calorimetry may fluctuate depending on the increase oftemperature per minute, the amount of samples and purity etc. The term“around” in the specification of the present application refers to ±5.0°C.

As shown in Examples below, the Form I crystal and the Form II crystalof Compound 1 have significantly different absorbability on oraladministration. The result that the Form II crystal, a stable form,shows higher oral absorbability compared to the Form I crystal, ametastable form, is an unexpected result because a metastable form ingeneral has higher solubility than a stable form (Akira Tsuji, “Newpharmaceutics”, published from NANKODO Co. Ltd.).

The Form I crystal of Compound 1 changes to the Form II crystal byrefluxing. The Form II crystal is stable in high temperature conditionsand high humidity conditions. Therefore, the Form II crystal is stablecompared to the Form I crystal and useful as a pharmaceutical material.

Therefore, the Form II crystal of the present invention is useful as aneffective ingredient of a pharmaceutical composition and in particularuseful as an effective ingredient of pharmaceutical composition for oraladministration. The Form II crystal of the present invention is usefulas an antitumor agent, because Compound 1 shows excellent HSP90inhibitory activity. Target cancers for treatment include, withoutlimitation, head and neck carcinoma, gastrointestinal carcinoma (such asesophageal carcinoma, gastric cancer, gastrointestinal stromal tumor,duodenal carcinoma, hepatocarcinoma, biliary carcinoma (such asgallbladder-bile duct cancer), pancreatic cancer, small intestinecarcinoma, and large bowel cancer (such as colorectal carcinoma, coloncancer, and rectal cancer)), lung carcinoma, breast carcinoma, ovariancancer, uterine carcinoma (such as cervical cancer, and endometrialcancer), kidney carcinoma, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, urothelialcarcinoma, bone and soft tissue sarcoma, blood cancer (such as B-celllymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, peripheral T-cell lymphoma,myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia, and acute lymphocyticleukemia), multiple myeloma, skin cancer, and mesothelioma.

When the Form II crystal of the present invention is used as an activeingredient of a pharmaceutical composition, it may be blended with apharmaceutically acceptable carrier as needed and a variety ofadministration forms may be employed depending on preventive ortherapeutic purposes. Said forms are preferably an oral agent such as atablet, a capsule, a granule, a subtle granule, and a powdered drug.Each of these administration forms can be manufactured by methods fordrug formulation known to those skilled in the art.

EXAMPLES

Although the present invention is specifically described below withreference to Examples, the present invention shall not be limited bythese embodiments. Although the present invention is sufficientlydescribed by Examples, it should be understood that various changes andmodifications can be made by those skilled in the art. Therefore, suchchanges and modifications are encompassed by the present invention, aslong as they do not depart from the scope of the present invention.

Reagents used in Examples were commercially available, unless otherwisespecified. A NMR spectrum was measured by using tetramethylsilane as aninternal standard when tetramethylsilane is included in a deuteratedsolvent and using a NMR solvent as an internal standard otherwise, usingAL400 (400 MHz; Japan Electro Optical Laboratory (JEOL)), Mercury 400(400 MHz; Agilent Technologies) model spectrometer, or Inova 400 (400MHz; Agilent Technologies) model spectrometer equipped with 400MNMRprobe (Protasis). All δ values are indicated in ppm.

The meanings of abbreviation are shown below.

-   s: Singlet-   d: Doublet-   t: Triplet-   q: Quartet-   dd: Double Doublet-   dt: Double Triplet-   td: Triple Doublet-   tt: Triple Triplet-   ddd: Double Double Doublet-   ddt: Double Double Triplet-   dtd: Double Triple Doublet-   tdd: Triple Double Doublet-   m: Multiplet-   br: Broad-   brs: Broad Singlet    X-Ray Powder Diffraction Measurement

X-ray powder diffraction was measured in accordance with the followingtest conditions after lightly pulverizing a suitable amount of testmaterial by using an agate mortar as needed.

-   Instrument: PANalytical EMPYREAN-   Target: Cu-   X-ray output setting: 40 mA, 45 kV-   Scanning range: 2.0-40.0°-   Step size: 0.026°-   Divergence slit: automatic-   Irradiation width: 10.00 mm-   Sample width: 10.00 mm

Handling of instruments including data processing was performed inaccordance with the method and procedure indicated by each instruments.

Thermal Analysis Measurement (Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC))

DSC was performed in accordance with the following test conditions.

-   Instrument: TA Instruments Q1000-   Sample: around 1 mg-   Sample container: made of aluminum-   Heating rate: heating at 10° C./min to 300° C.-   Atmosphere gas: Nitrogen-   Nitrogen gas flow rate: 50 mL/min.

Handling of instruments including data processing was performed inaccordance with the method and procedure indicated by each instruments.

Comparative Example 1 Synthesis of the Form I Crystal of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamide

A white solid (3.58 g) of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamideobtained according to the method of manufacturing described inInternational Publication No. WO2012/093708 pamphlet and InternationalPublication No. WO2011/004610 pamphlet was added to ethanol (7.84 mL)and stirred for 2 hours at room temperature. After collecting the solidby filtration, the solid was washed with ethanol (7.84 mL), followed bydrying under reduced pressure at 70-80° C. for 20 hours to obtain theForm I crystal (yield: 2.40 g, percent yield: 61.2%, purity: 98.21%).

The Form I crystal gave an X-ray powder diffraction spectrum havingcharacteristic peaks at diffraction angles (2θ) of 8.1°, 10.9°, 12.1°,14.0°, 14.9°, 16.2°, 17.7°, 20.2°, 21.0°, 21.5°, 22.6°, 24.3°, 25.4°,26.4°, 27.0°, 28.3°, 30.2°, 30.9°, 31.5°, 32.7°, 34.7°, 35.4° and 36.6°,as shown in FIG. 1.

-   ¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆): δ ppm 9.35 (1H, d, J=4.88 Hz), 8.93 (1H, d, J=1.22    Hz), 8.84 (1H, brs), 8.72 (1H, d, J=1.95 Hz), 8.70 (1H, s), 8.63    (1H, d, J=1.22 Hz), 8.60 (1H, dd, J=8.29, 1.95 Hz), 8.46 (1H, s),    8.25 (1H, d, J=8.29 Hz), 8.22 (1H, brs), 8.12 (1H, d, J=4.88 Hz),    4.59 (3H, s), 3.95 (1H, tt, J=6.83, 6.83 Hz), 3.21 (2H, q, J=7.56    Hz), 1.83(6H, d, J=6.83 Hz), 1.75 (3H, t, J=7.56 Hz): LRMS (ESI) m/z    455 [M+H]

Example 1 Synthesis of the Form II Crystal of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamide

A white solid (4.0 g) of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamideobtained according to the method of manufacturing described inInternational Publication No. WO2012/093708 pamphlet and InternationalPublication No. WO2011/004610 pamphlet was added to acetone (19.54 mL)and stirred for 16 hours by heating under reflux. After allowing themixture to cool to room temperature, the solid was collected byfiltration and washed with acetone (8.4 mL), followed by drying underreduced pressure at 70-80° C. for 16-24 hours to obtain the Form IIcrystal (yield: 1.59 g, percent yield: 57.0%, purity 98.37%).

The Form II crystal gave an X-ray powder diffraction spectrum havingcharacteristic peaks at diffraction angles (2θ) of 7.7°, 8.0°, 11.1°,12.5°, 12.9°, 14.2°, 15.2°, 15.8°, 17.2°, 17.7°, 19.0°, 20.2°, 21.1°,22.5°, 22.8°, 23.5°, 24.5°, 26.1°, 26.7°, 27.4°, 28.0°, 28.7°, 29.4°,30.0°, 31.7°, 35.1°, 36.2°, 36.9° and 37.6°, as shown in FIG. 2. TheForm II crystal showed an endothermic peak around 270° C., as shown inthe result of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in FIG. 3.

-   ¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆): δ ppm 9.35 (1H, d, J=4.88 Hz), 8.93 (1H, d, J=1.22    Hz), 8.84 (1H, brs), 8.72 (1H, d, J=1.95 Hz), 8.70 (1H, s), 8.63    (1H, d, J=1.22 Hz), 8.60 (1H, dd, J=8.29, 1.95 Hz), 8.46 (1H, s),    8.25 (1H, d, J=8.29 Hz), 8.22 (1H, brs), 8.12 (1H, d, J=4.88 Hz),    4.59 (3H, s), 3.95 (1H, tt, J=6.83, 6.83 Hz), 3.21 (2H, q, J=7.56    Hz), 1.83(6H, d, J=6.83 Hz), 1.75 (3H, t, J=7.56 Hz): LRMS (ESI) m/z    455 [M+H]

Example 2 Synthesis of the Form II Crystal of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamide

A white solid (400 mg) of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamideobtained according to the method of manufacturing described inInternational Publication No. WO2012/093708 pamphlet and InternationalPublication No. WO2011/004610 pamphlet was added to methyl ethyl ketone(2.8 mL) and stirred for 16 hours by heating under reflux. Afterallowing the mixture to cool to room temperature, the solid wascollected by filtration and washed with methyl ethyl ketone (1.2 mL),followed by drying under reduced pressure at 70-80° C. for 16-24 hoursto obtain the Form II crystal (yield: 197 mg, percent yield: 60.9%,purity 98.83%).

Example 3 Synthesis of the Form II Crystal of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamide

A white solid (400 mg) of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamideobtained according to the method of manufacturing described inInternational Publication No. WO2012/093708 pamphlet and InternationalPublication No. WO2011/004610 pamphlet was added to acetonitrile (4.0mL) and stirred for 3 hours by heating under reflux. After allowing themixture to cool to room temperature, the solid was collected byfiltration and washed with acetonitrile (1.2 mL), followed by dryingunder reduced pressure at 70-80° C. for 3 hours to obtain the Form IIcrystal (yield: 120 mg, percent yield: 43.0%, purity 98.25%).

Example 4 Synthesis of the Form II Crystal of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamide

A white solid (400 mg) of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamideobtained according to the method of manufacturing described inInternational Publication No. WO2012/093708 pamphlet and InternationalPublication No. WO2011/004610 pamphlet was added to methyl isobutylketone (4.0 mL) and stirred for 3 hours by heating under reflux. Afterallowing the mixture to cool to room temperature, the solid wascollected by filtration and washed with methyl isobutyl ketone (1.2 mL),followed by drying under reduced pressure at 70-80° C. for 3 hours toobtain the Form II crystal (yield: 154 mg, percent yield: 55.3%, purity96.89%).

Example 5 Synthesis of the Form II Crystal of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamide

A white solid (400 mg) of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamideobtained according to the method of manufacturing described inInternational Publication No. WO2012/093708 pamphlet and InternationalPublication No. WO2011/004610 pamphlet was added to 2-propanol (4.0 mL)and stirred for 3 hours by heating under reflux. After allowing themixture to cool to room temperature, the solid was collected byfiltration and washed with 2-propanol (1.2 mL), followed by drying underreduced pressure at 70-80° C. for 3 hours to obtain the Form II crystal(yield: 108 mg, percent yield: 38.8%, purity 96.83%).

Example 6 Synthesis of the Form II Crystal of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamide

A white solid (400 mg) of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamideobtained according to the method of manufacturing described inInternational Publication No. WO2012/093708 pamphlet and InternationalPublication No. WO2011/004610 pamphlet was added to ethyl acetate (4.0mL) and stirred for 3 hours by heating under reflux. After allowing themixture to cool to room temperature, the solid was collected byfiltration and washed with ethyl acetate (1.2 mL), followed by dryingunder reduced pressure at 70-80° C. for 3 hours to obtain the Form IIcrystal (yield: 156 mg, percent yield: 56.0%, purity 96.45%).

Example 7 Synthesis of the Form II Crystal of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamide

A white solid (400 mg) of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamideobtained according to the method of manufacturing described inInternational Publication No. WO2012/093708 pamphlet and InternationalPublication No. WO2011/004610 pamphlet was added to butyl acetate (4.0mL) and stirred for 3 hours by heating under reflux. After allowing themixture to cool to room temperature, the solid was collected byfiltration and washed with butyl acetate (1.2 mL), followed by dryingunder reduced pressure at 70-80° C. for 3 hours to obtain the Form IIcrystal (yield: 164 mg, percent yield: 58.8%, purity 96.04%).

Example 8 Synthesis of the Form II Crystal of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamide

A white solid (400 mg) of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamideobtained according to the method of manufacturing described inInternational Publication No. WO2012/093708 pamphlet and InternationalPublication No. WO2011/004610 pamphlet was added to cyclopentyl methylether (4.0 mL) and stirred for 3 hours by heating under reflux. Afterallowing the mixture to cool to room temperature, the solid wascollected by filtration and washed with cyclopentyl methyl ether (1.2mL), followed by drying under reduced pressure at 70-80° C. for 3 hoursto obtain the Form II crystal (yield: 192 mg, percent yield: 68.8%,purity 95.68%).

Example 9 Synthesis of the Form II Crystal of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamide

A white solid (400 mg) of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamideobtained according to the method of manufacturing described inInternational Publication No. WO2012/093708 pamphlet and InternationalPublication No. WO2011/004610 pamphlet was added to propyl acetate (4.0mL) and stirred for 3 hours by heating under reflux. After allowing themixture to cool to room temperature, the solid was collected byfiltration and washed with propyl acetate (1.2 mL), followed by dryingunder reduced pressure at 70-80° C. for 3 hours to obtain the Form IIcrystal (yield: 172 mg, percent yield: 61.5%, purity 96.77%).

Example 10 Synthesis of the Form II Crystal of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamide

A white solid (400 mg) of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamideobtained according to the method of manufacturing described inInternational Publication No. WO2012/093708 pamphlet and InternationalPublication No. WO2011/004610 pamphlet was added to methyl acetate (2.2mL) and stirred for 16 hours by heating under reflux. After allowing themixture to cool to room temperature, the solid was collected byfiltration and washed with methyl acetate (0.94 mL), followed by dryingunder reduced pressure at 80° C. to obtain the Form II crystal (yield:215.5 mg, percent yield: 68.6%, purity 98.06%).

Test Example 1 Blood Concentration Measurement Test

Respective solutions for administration (50 mg/10 mL/kg) of the Form Icrystal and Form II crystal were produced. These solutions wereadministered orally to mice (Balb/cA) bred under feeding conditions at avolume of 10 mL/kg body weight using a sonde for oral administration.After the administration, the mice were returned to cages for mice toinspect their conditions. Water and feed were freely available for themice in the cages. The mice were anesthetized with isoflurane 1, 2, 3,4, 8 and 24 hours after the administration and 60 μL of blood wascollected from their orbital sinuses using capillary blood collectiontubes. The collected blood was cooled on ice and centrifuged to separateplasma.

AUCs_(0-24 hr)were calculated with a linear-log trapezoid method usingPhoenix WinNonlin (v6.3.0), software from Pharsight, from theconcentrations of Compound 1 in plasma samples measured with MultipleReaction Monitoring method using LC-MS/MS.

Results are shown in FIG. 4 and Table 1. This test proved that theAUC_(0-24 hr) (area under the concentration in blood-time curve 0-24hours after the administration) of the Form II crystal was approximately3 times higher than that of the Form I crystal. Therefore, the Form IIcrystal according to the present invention is remarkably excellent inoral absorbability and useful as an oral pharmaceutical composition.

TABLE 1 Oral administration Form I Form II Parameter crystal crystalAUC_(0-24 hr) (μM · hr) 59.64 171.33

Test Example 2 Solid Stability Test (Accelerated Test)

The solid stability of the Form II crystal obtained in Example 1 afterstorage of 1, 3 and 6 months at 40° C.±2° C./75% RH±5% RH was measuredunder the following conditions.

-   Storage conditions: 40° C.±2° C./75% RH±5% RH-   Measurement points: 1, 3 and 6 month-   Storage amount: 6 g-   Storage container: doubled plastic bags, banding bands+plastic drums-   Preparation method of sample solution: 100 mg of the Form II crystal    is accurately measured, a mixed solution of acetonitrile-water (4:1)    is added to dissolve the crystal (sonicated to dissolve, if    difficult to dissolve), and the solution is diluted in measuring    cylinder to exact 200 mL total. 10 mL of this solution is accurately    measured, and a mixed solution of acetonitrile-water (1:1) is added    to exact 20 mL to be used as a sample solution.

HPLC was performed in the following conditions.

-   Column: general foundation Chemicals Evaluation and Research    Institute, Japan L-column2 ODS-   Particle size: 3 μm, Inner diameter: 4.6 mm, Length: 15 cm-   Measurement wavelength: 220 nm-   Mobile phase: Mobile phase A: 10 mmol/L phosphate buffer (pH6.9),-   Mobile phase B: acetonitrile-   Flow rate: about 1.0 mL/min

The concentration gradient is controlled by changing the mixing ratio ofmobile phases A and B as follows, when feeding the liquid.

TABLE 2 Time (min) after Mobile phase A Mobile phase B injection (%) (%) 0 to 25 80 20 25 to 45 80 → 65 20 → 35 45 to 55 65 35 55 to 70 65 → 1035 → 90 70 to 80 10 90   80 to 80.1 10 → 80 90 → 20 80.1 to 95   80 20

The amounts of related substances in the sample solutions were measuredand evaluated by HPLC, of which result is shown in Table 3.

The related substances are defined as substances detected other than3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamide.

TABLE 3 1 month 3 months 6 months Related less than 0.1% less than 0.1%less than 0.1% substances in the Form II crystal

As apparent from this result, the Form II crystal of Compound 1 producesa low amount of related substances and shows excellent solid stability.

The invention claimed is:
 1. A method of treating a tumor, comprisingadministering, to a subject in need thereof, an effective amount of aForm II crystal of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3.4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamide showing an X-ray powder diffraction spectrum having at leastthree characteristic diffraction peaks at angles (2θ±0.2°) selected fromthe group consisting of 7.7°, 8.0°, 11.1°, 12.5°, 12.9°, 15.2°, 15.8°,17.2°, 19.0°, 22.5°, 26.1°, and 27.4°.
 2. The method according to claim1, wherein the crystal shows an X-ray powder diffraction spectrum havingat least five characteristic diffraction peaks at angles (2θ±0.2°)selected from the group consisting of 7.7°, 8.0°, 11.1°, 12.5°, 12.9°,15.2°, 15.8°, 17.2°, 19.0°, 22.5°, 26.1°, and 27.4°.
 3. The methodaccording to claim 1, wherein the crystal has an endothermic peakdetermined by differential scanning calorimetry of around 270° C.
 4. Themethod according to claim 1, wherein the crystal is in a pharmaceuticalcomposition administered orally to the subject in need thereof.
 5. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the tumor is at least one cancer selectedfrom the group consisting of a head carcinoma, a neck carcinoma, agastrointestinal carcinoma, a pancreatic cancer, a small intestinecarcinoma, a large bowel cancer, a lung carcinoma, a breast carcinoma,an ovarian cancer, a uterine carcinoma, a kidney carcinoma, a bladdercancer, a prostate cancer, a urothelial carcinoma, a bone sarcoma, asoft tissue sarcoma, a blood cancer, a multiple myeloma, a skin cancer,and a mesothelioma.
 6. The method of claim 5 wherein the cancer is atleast one cancer selected from the group consisting of head and neckcarcinoma, gastric cancer, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, colorectalcancer, lung carcinoma, breast carcinoma, ovarian cancer, bone sarcomaand soft tissue sarcoma, and skin cancer.
 7. A method of treating atumor which is at least one cancer selected from the group consisting ofhead and neck carcinoma, gastrointestinal carcinoma including esophagealcarcinoma, gastric cancer, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, duodenalcarcinoma, hepatocarcinoma, biliary carcinoma such as gallbladder-bileduct cancer, pancreatic cancer, small intestine carcinoma, and largebowel cancer such as colorectal carcinoma, colon cancer, and rectalcancer, lung carcinoma, breast carcinoma, ovarian cancer, uterinecarcinoma such as cervical cancer and endometrial cancer, kidneycarcinoma, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, urothelial carcinoma, boneand soft tissue sarcoma, blood cancer such as B-cell lymphoma, chroniclymphocytic leukemia, peripheral T-cell lymphoma, myelodysplasticsyndrome, acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphocytic leukemia,multiple myeloma, skin cancer, and mesothelioma, comprisingadministering, to a subject in need thereof, an effective amount of aForm 11 crystal of3-ethyl-4-{3-isopropyl-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-1-yl}benzamideshowing an X-ray powder diffraction spectrum having at least threecharacteristic diffraction peaks at angles (2θ±0.2°) selected from thegroup consisting of 7.7°, 8.0°, 11.1°, 12.5°, 12.9°, 15.2°, 15.8°,17.2°, 19.0°, 22.5°, 26.1°, and 27.4°.
 8. The method of claim 7 whereinthe cancer is at least one cancer selected from the group consisting ofhead and neck carcinoma, gastric cancer, gastrointestinal stromal tumor,colorectal cancer, lung carcinoma, breast carcinoma, ovarian cancer,bone sarcoma and soft tissue sarcoma, and skin cancer.